Charging a green future: The latest advancement in lithium-ion batteries can make them anywhere

By On May 20, 2022

Picture: Polymer binders can make lithium-ion batteries suitable for application in electric vehicles and other advanced electronic devices such as drones, thanks to their adaptive effect on silicon anodes.

Credit: Noriyoshi Matsumi from JAIST.

Ishikawa, Japan – Imagine a battery, and the word lithium-ion probably comes in handy. Because of its light weight, high capacity, and triple current capacity like other rechargeable batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the most powerful type of battery in low-power electronics. , such as mobile phones, and powerful applications, such as electric vehicles and energy storage.

Every modern lithium-ion battery consists of a fixed electrode (cathode) made of a lithium-containing surface, an anode made of graphite, and an electrolyte-layer between the electrodes. the ions in which it flows. When a battery is charged, lithium ions flow from the cathode to the anode, where they are stored. During the extraction process, lithium ionized and returned to the cathode.

Recently, there has been an increase in the desire to use silicon as an anode material because it is more durable, therefore cheaper, and has a higher output capacity than graphite. However, it is a big loss: repeated charging and discharging causes falls and explosions. This results in the formation of a thick solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) between the electrolyte and the anode, which prevents the movement of lithium ions between the electrodes.

To improve the performance of silicon anodes in LIBs, a team led by Professor Noriyoshi Matsumi, and including Dr. Agman Gupta and Professor Rajshekar Badam, from the Japan Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), developed a binder for silk. particles, which can improve the stability and control of the thin SEI layer. Now, in contrast to the thick SEI layer, thinner is useful because it prevents the anode and electrolyte from reacting with each other. The results of the study are published in the ACS Applied Energy Materials.

The binder is a polymer composite consisting of n-type polymer polymer (bisiminoacenaphthenequinone) (P-BIAN) and polymer poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) containing carboxylate, each containing connected to the other by a hydrogen bond. The attached polymer structure holds the silicon particles together like a web and prevents them from rupting. The hydrogen bond between the two polymers allows the system to regenerate itself, as the polymers can regenerate if they are separated at any time. In addition, the n-doping force of P-BIAN enhances anode expansion and maintains thin SEI by limiting the electrolytic degradation of the electrolyte on the anode.

To test the binder, the researchers built an anodic half-bond consisting of nanoparticles silicon nanoparticles with graphite (Si / C), binder (P-BIAN / PAA) and an additional binder of acetylene black (AB). The Si / C / (P-BIAN / PAA) / AB anode is inserted through a repeated charging cycle. The P-BIAN / PAA binder was observed to adjust the silicon anode and maintain a specific output capacity of 2100 mAh g-1 above 600 cycles. In contrast, the strength of the silk-carbon anode of silk decreased to 600 mAh g-1 in 90 cycles.

After the test, the researchers disassembled the anode and examined the material for any explosions that could have caused the silicon explosion. Spectroscopic and microscopic studies after the 400 cycles showed a smooth structure with only a few microcracks indicating that the addition of a binder was able to improve the electrical system structure and control of the daily SEI.

The results show that the addition of a binder can improve the silicon anode properties and make it more viable. “Design and application of novel polymer composites consisting of n-type conducting polymers (CPs) and proton donating polymers with hydrogen bonded networks, such as P-BIAN / PAA, have a promising future in large electronics. “, said Professor Matsumi. .

As the demand for lithium-ion batteries increases, silicon, which is the eighth-largest material in the world, will be a good alternative to graphite. Improving the stability of its system and the working capacity with the use of binders will make it more suitable for future lithium-ion battery use. “This integrated design will allow for the proliferation of EVs, the creation of more battery-powered vehicles, and unmanned aerial vehicles, which need more energy to sustain,” said Professor Matsumi.

Heavy Duty from Silicon Anodes Using Poly (BIAN) / Poly (acrylic acid) -Contrusive Computing System in Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries

About the Japan Institute of Science and Technology, Japan

Established in 1990 in Ishikawa Province, the Japan Institute of Science and Technology Development (JAIST) is Japan’s first independent undergraduate school. Now, after 30 years of continuous development, JAIST has become one of Japan’s leading universities. JAIST collaborates with a number of satellite institutes and strives to develop competent leaders with a modern education system where diversity is important; almost 40% of its alumni are international students. The university has a unique style of graduate study based on a well-designed course of study to ensure that its students have a solid foundation on which to conduct in-depth research. JAIST is also working closely with local and international communities by promoting research-industry-education collaboration.

About Professor Noriyoshi Matsumi from the Japan Institute of Science and Technology, Japan

Dr. Noriyoshi Matsumi is a Professor at the School of Applied Sciences at JAIST. He received his PhD from Kyoto University. His findings include lithium-ion battery technology and energy-related materials. To date he has published over 100 papers.

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Funding provided by JST-Mirai Program, Grant JP18077239

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Heavy Duty from Silicon Anodes Using Poly (BIAN) / Poly (acrylic acid) -Contrusive Computing System in Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries

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